-courtesy Jeff Miller, NCAA.org
Chester M. Pierce's career achievements following
graduation from Harvard in 1948 might resemble those of Forrest
Gump, except for the cross country runs.
Pierce graduated from Harvard Medical School in 1952, rose to
national prominence in the psychiatric community and became a
distinguished professor at his alma mater before retiring in 1997.
He made multiple professional trips to Antarctica, where a peak is
named for him. He was consulted on the creation of “Sesame
Street.” Active in civil rights, he once participated in a
protest alongside Charlton Heston.
Pierce's four years playing tackle for Harvard's
one-platoon football team included a trailblazing episode that has
gone relatively unnoticed. Which is the way he likes it.
Pierce, 83, is recognized as the first African-American to play
in a college football game south of the Mason-Dixon Line at an
all-white university. Pierce and his Crimson teammates played at
the University of Virginia on Oct. 11, 1947.
“I never talk about that,” he said politely at a
lunch date only a short walk from Massachusetts General Hospital,
where the Global Psychiatry Division was renamed the Pierce Global
Psychiatry Division for him last year. “I didn't do
anything.”
Some of Pierce's teammates aren't as reticent to
discuss those events or to praise him.
“Chet Pierce is a dear, dear friend of mine and an elegant
guy,” said Jim Fenn, a starting senior guard that season.
“He is an exceptional person.”
“It was a big deal,” Alan Stone, Pierce's
backup as a sophomore in 1947, said of the trip to Virginia.
“We all respected him. He was a very dignified fellow, and he
was much more of a gentleman than anyone else on the
team.”
Pierce grew up on Long Island in Glen Cove, N.Y., a town then of
8,000 and about 10 percent black. According to a biography written
by fellow psychiatry professor Ezra E.H. Griffith, Pierce was the
first black senior class president of his high school.
Before Harvard's venture to Charlottesville, Va., most
integrated college football teams reluctantly agreed not to bring
their black players when traveling to the South. The host team
would then bench a player of equivalent ability. But the racial
environment of sports in America began to change in the spring of
1947 when baseball's Brooklyn Dodgers added Jackie
Robinson.
Fenn was one of multiple World War II veterans on both teams in
1947. The Harvard vets, after learning of the game's
scheduling, wrote their Virginia counterparts lobbying on
Pierce's behalf.
According to various accounts, Virginia officials scheduled the
game hoping Harvard would voluntarily exclude Pierce. But Crimson
Athletic Director Bill Bingham insisted on Pierce's
participation, and Virginia relented.
Stuart Barbour, a junior Virginia lineman from Roanoke, Va.,
recalled talk among his teammates that Harvard would leave its
black player home. John Papit, a Cavaliers' freshman back,
was surprised Virginia agreed to Harvard's stipulation.
“You're talking about the heart of the South,”
said Papit, a Philadelphia native who became an All-American in
1949. “You can't do anything but respect a team like
Harvard. Whoever they're going to bring down, it's
going to be first class.”
The Virginia game was Harvard's first played in the South.
The Crimson made the trip lacking four players who began the season
as starters. One was senior end Robert F. Kennedy, lost after the
opener when he broke a leg in practice.
The Harvard team boarded a train late Thursday night. Stone said
when they arrived, he exited right behind the 6-4, 235-pound Pierce
and was caught in an explosion of flash bulbs.
“I got my picture in Time magazine through no
accomplishment of my own,” Stone said with a laugh.
The Boston Globe reported Virginia President Colgate W. Darden
Jr., addressed Pierce's presence at a pep rally attended by
about 3,000 the night before the game, which was Virginia's
homecoming.
“Chester Pierce, a Negro, is a guest of the University of
Virginia, and nothing would shame us more than having an
unfortunate incident during the game,” Darden said. Most the
students cheered, the Globe reported, and some waved Confederate
flags and sang “Dixie.”
Any trouble, Darden added, would likely come from people not
affiliated with the school: “If there is, I want every
student to keep his seat.”
When Harvard's traveling party arrived at the Monticello
Hotel, coach Dick Harlow was informed Pierce would be housed
separately, in a mansion elsewhere on the property. Harlow agreed
only after insisting some teammates would join Pierce there.
Said Fenn: “I remember Dick very clearly saying,
'Where he goes, we go.' ”
A similar issue arose regarding team meals. Pierce wasn't
allowed to enter the dining room through the main door, so the
entire team came with him through an alternate entrance.
Stone recalled a sizable contingent of African-Americans
watching Harvard's Friday afternoon practice at Scott
Stadium.
“They were all whistling and hooting at Chester,”
said Stone, who also went into psychiatry and, at age 80, is still
on the faculty of the Harvard Law School. “Whether that was a
show of support or not, I was never clear.”
Pierce granted one newspaper interview about his experience that
weekend upon the 50th anniversary of the game to Boston
sportswriter George Sullivan, a water boy for that '47
Harvard team. Pierce recalled Harlow insisting he stay at his side
when the team took the field. “A very nice and courageous
gesture,” Pierce called it.
The game was played without apparent serious incident, though
many fans in the capacity crowd of 22,000 waved the Stars and Bars
and some reportedly yelled obscenities at Pierce. The
Crimson's chances to win were hampered early when Vince
Moravec, team captain and starting fullback, suffered a broken
kneecap in the first period. The Cavs outgained Harvard 250 yards
to 63 and won handily, 47-0.
The Associated Press' game story highlighted Harvard
suffering its worst loss since Harlow took over in 1935. The story
later stated Pierce's participation “probably was the
first time a Negro had played against a Southern team on a Dixie
campus.” It noted Pierce played well and was applauded when
he left the game. The Globe's account referred to
Pierce's presence as “almost forgotten.”
Said Virginia's Barbour: “I just don't think
it turned out to be the problem that some people thought it might
have been.”
Pierce told Sullivan: “I don't recall a hint of
anything racial on the field. I remember nothing different in that
game from any other I played at Harvard … It was no big deal
and took no courage by me.”
In 1997, the University of Virginia awarded Pierce its Vivian
Pinn Distinguished Lecturer's Award. It is given for lifetime
achievement in the field of health disparities.
Pierce was invited back to Charlottesville in 2007 to speak at
Virginia's second annual Symposium on Race and Society. The
lengthy bio written about Pierce for the symposium didn't
even mention his trailblazing role in college football.
Pierce still lives near the Harvard campus and is professor of
education and psychiatry emeritus. He served as president of the
American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, president of the
American Orthopsychiatric Association and was a founding chairman
of the Black Psychiatrists of America.
“He didn't make it because he was black,” Fenn
said. “He made it because he was good at what he
did.”